Albumin is a globular protein. Bovine serum albumin (BSA) is composed of a single polypeptide chain and cross-linked cysteine disulfide bridges. BSA is heart-shaped and is made up of three homologous domains I-III and each domain has two subdomains A and B.

Albumin acts as a major factor in determining a cow′s health, meat, and milk quality. Serum albumin constitutes about 52-62% of the total water-soluble fraction proteins in the blood plasma. Albumin is a multifunctional protein that plays a role in physiological and pharmacological aspects. It is involved in the transport of fatty acids, bile pigments, cholesterol, drugs, and metals. This protein regulates osmotic pressure and distributes fluids between various compartments.